C++ Primer 16 프로그래밍 연습

01

// palindrome.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

bool is_palindrome(string & str);

int main()
{
	string str;

	cout << "문자열을 입력하세요 : ";
	cin >> str;

	if (is_palindrome(str))
		cout << "화문입니다.\n";
	else
		cout << "화문이 아닙니다.\n";

	return 0;
}

bool is_palindrome(string & str)
{
	for (auto f = str.begin(), r = str.end(); f < r; )
	{
		if (*f++ != *--r)
			return false;
	}
	return true;
}

---

02

// palindrome2.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

bool is_palindrome(string & str);

int main()
{
	string str;

	cout << "문자열을 입력하세요 : ";
	getline(cin, str);

	if (is_palindrome(str))
		cout << "화문입니다.\n";
	else
		cout << "화문이 아닙니다.\n";

	return 0;
}

bool is_palindrome(string & str)
{
	for (auto i = str.begin(); i != str.end(); ++i)
	{
		if (!isalpha(*i))
			str.erase(i--);
		else
			*i = tolower(*i);
	}
	for (auto f = str.begin(), r = str.end(); f < r; )
	{
		if (*f++ != *--r)
			return false;
	}
	return true;
}

---

03

// hangman_fromfile.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	vector<string> wordlist;
	ifstream openFile("word.txt");
	string temp;
	while (openFile >> temp)
	{
		wordlist.push_back(temp);
	}
	const int NUM = wordlist.size();

	std::srand(std::time(0));
	char play;
	cout << "영어 단어 게임을 하시겠습니까? <y/n> ";
	cin >> play;
	play = tolower(play);
	while (play == 'y')
	{
		string target = wordlist[std::rand() % NUM];
		int length = target.length();
		string attempt(length, '-');
		string badchars;
		int guesses = 6;
		cout << "수수께끼 단어를 추측해 보십시오.\n"
			 << length << "개의 문자로 이루어져있습니다.\n"
			 << "한 번에 한 문자씩 추측하십시오.\n"
			 << "틀릴 수 있는 기회 : " << guesses << "번\n";
		cout << "추측하는 단어 : " << attempt << endl;
		while (guesses > 0 && attempt != target)
		{
			char letter;
			cout << "문자를 추측하십시오 : ";
			cin >> letter;
			if (badchars.find(letter) != string::npos
				|| attempt.find(letter) != string::npos)
			{
				cout << "이미 추측한 문자입니다. 다시 하십시오. \n";
				continue;
			}
			int loc = target.find(letter);
			if (loc == string::npos)
			{
				cout << "땡! 틀렸습니다.\n";
				--guesses;
				badchars += letter;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "딩동댕! 맞았습니다. \n";
				attempt[loc] = letter;
				loc = target.find(letter, loc + 1);
				while (loc != string::npos)
				{
					attempt[loc] = letter;
					loc = target.find(letter, loc + 1);
				}
			}
			cout << "추측하는 단어 : " << attempt << endl;
			if (attempt != target)
			{
				if (badchars.length() > 0)
					cout << "틀리게 추측한 문자들 : " << badchars << endl;
				cout << "틀릴 수 있는 기회 : " << guesses << "번\n";
			}
		}
		if (guesses > 0)
			cout << "그렇습니다. 그것이 수수께끼 단어입니다.\n";
		else
			cout << "안타깝습니다. 수수께끼 단어는 " << target << "입니다.\n";
		cout << "게임을 다시 하시겠습니까? <y/n> ";
		cin >> play;
		play = tolower(play);
	}
	cout << "프로그램을 종료합니다.\n";
	return 0;
}

---

04

// reduce1.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

int reduce(long ar[], int n);

int main()
{
	long ar[6] = {1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1};
	cout << reduce(ar, 6) << endl;

	return 0;
}

int reduce(long ar[], int n)
{
	list<long> ar_set(ar, ar + n);
	ar_set.sort();
	ar_set.unique();

	for(list<long>::iterator i = ar_set.begin(); i != ar_set.end(); ++i)
		cout << (*i) << endl;

	return ar_set.size();
}

---

05

// reduce2.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

template<class T>
int reduce(T ar[], int n);
const int NUM = 6;
int main()
{
	long ar[NUM] = {1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1};
	string ar_str[NUM] = {"abc", "wofi", "abc", "xvas", "fewfwe", "as"};
	cout << reduce(ar, NUM) << endl;
	cout << reduce(ar_str, NUM) << endl;

	return 0;
}

template<class T>
int reduce(T ar[], int n)
{
	list<T> ar_set(ar, ar + n);
	ar_set.sort();
	ar_set.unique();

	for(typename list<T>::iterator i = ar_set.begin(); i != ar_set.end(); ++i)
		cout << (*i) << endl;

	return ar_set.size();
}

---

06

// bank_STL.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <queue>
#include "xxx.h"
const int MIN_PER_HR = 60;

bool newcustomer(double x);

int main()
{
	using std::cin;
	using std::cout;
	using std::endl;
	using std::ios_base;
	using std::queue;
	std::srand(std::time(0));

	cout << "사례 연구 : 히서 은행의 ATM\n";
	cout << "큐의 최대 길이를 입력하십시오 : ";
	int qs;
	cin >> qs;
	queue<Item> line;

	cout << "시뮬레이션 시간 수를 입력하십시오 : ";
	int hours;
	cin >> hours;
	long cyclelimit = MIN_PER_HR * hours;

	cout << "시간당 평균 고객 수를 입력하십시오 : ";
	double perhour;
	cin >> perhour;
	double min_per_cust;
	min_per_cust = MIN_PER_HR / perhour;

	Item temp;
	long turnaways = 0;
	long customers = 0;
	long served = 0;
	long sum_line = 0;
	int wait_time = 0;
	long line_wait = 0;

	for (int cycle = 0; cycle < cyclelimit; cycle++)
	{
		if (newcustomer(min_per_cust))
		{
			if (line.size() == qs)
				turnaways++;
			else
			{
				customers++;
				temp.set(cycle);
				line.push(temp);
			}
		}
		if (wait_time <= 0 && !line.empty())
		{
			temp = line.back();
			line.pop();
			wait_time = temp.ptime();
			line_wait += cycle - temp.when();
			served++;
		}
		if (wait_time > 0)
			wait_time--;
		sum_line += line.size();
	}

	if (customers > 0)
	{
		cout << " 큐에 줄을 선 고객 수 : " << customers << endl;
		cout << "거래를 처리한 고객 수 : " << served << endl;
		cout << " 발길을 돌린 고객 수 : " << turnaways << endl;
		cout << "	평균 큐의 길이 : ";
		cout.precision(2);
		cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
		cout.setf(ios_base::showpoint);
		cout << (double) sum_line / cyclelimit << endl;
		cout << "	평균 대기 시간 : "
			 << (double) line_wait / served << "분\n";
	}
	else
		cout << "고객이 한 명도 없습니다!\n";
	cout << "완료!\n";
	return 0;
}

bool newcustomer(double x)
{
	return (std::rand() * x / RAND_MAX < 1);
}

void Customer::set(long when)
{
	processtime = std::rand() % 3 + 1;
	arrive = when;
}

---

07

// Lotto.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <random>
using namespace std;

vector<int> Lotto(int max, int n);

int main()
{
	vector<int> winners;
	winners = Lotto(51, 6);

	for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
		cout << winners[i] << endl;

	return 0;
}

vector<int> Lotto(int max, int n)
{
	vector<int> temp;
	vector<int> ret;

	for (int i = 0; i < max; ++i)
		temp.push_back(i + 1);

	unsigned seed = std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count();
	shuffle(temp.begin(), temp.end(), default_random_engine(seed));
	vector<int>::iterator it;
	it = temp.begin();
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		ret.push_back((*it));
		++it;
	}

	return ret;
}

---

08

// Pat&Mat.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	list<string> Pat;
	list<string> Mat;
	list<string> PatandMat;

	cout << "Mat의 친구들을 입력하세요 (끝내려면 quit) : \n";
	string temp;
	while (cin >> temp && temp != "quit")
		Mat.push_back(temp);
	Mat.sort();
	cout << "Mat의 친구들 목록입니다.\n";
	for (list<string>::iterator i = Mat.begin(); i != Mat.end(); ++i)
		cout << (*i) << endl;

	cout << "Pat의 친구들을 입력하세요 (끝내려면 quit) : \n";
	while (cin >> temp && temp != "quit")
		Pat.push_back(temp);
	Pat.sort();
	cout << "Pat의 친구들 목록입니다.\n";
	for (list<string>::iterator i = Pat.begin(); i != Pat.end(); ++i)
		cout << (*i) << endl;

	PatandMat = Mat;
	PatandMat.merge(Pat);
	PatandMat.unique();

	cout << "Pat&Mat의 친구들 목록입니다.\n";
	for (list<string>::iterator i = PatandMat.begin(); i != PatandMat.end(); ++i)
		cout << (*i) << endl;

	return 0;
}

---

09

// sorttime.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <ctime>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

const int NUM = 10000;
void show(const int i);

int main()
{
	srand(time(nullptr));
	vector<int> vi0;

	for (int i = 0; i < NUM; i++)
		vi0.push_back(rand() % NUM);
	vector<int> vi = vi0;
	list<int> li(vi0.begin(), vi0.end());

	clock_t start, end;
	double duration1, duration2, duration3;
	start = clock();
	sort(vi.begin(), vi.end());
	end = clock();
	duration1 = static_cast<double>(end - start);
	cout << "vi 정렬 시간 : " << duration1 << endl;

	start = clock();
	li.sort();
	end = clock();
	duration2 = static_cast<double>(end - start);
	cout << "li 정렬 시간 : " << duration2 << endl;

	li.clear();
	li.assign(vi0.begin(), vi0.end());
	vi.clear();
	vi.assign(li.begin(), li.end());
	start = clock();
	sort(vi.begin(), vi.end());
	end = clock();
	li.assign(vi.begin(), vi.end());
	duration3 = static_cast<double>(end - start);
	cout << "복사 -> 정렬 -> 재복사 시간 : " << duration3 << endl;

	return 0;
}

---

10

// vect3_shared_ptr.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

struct Review {
	std::string title;
	int rating;
	int price;
};

bool operator<(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2);
bool worseThan(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2);
bool worseprice(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2);
bool FillReview(Review & rr);
void ShowReview(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & rr);

int main()
{
	using namespace std;

	vector<shared_ptr<Review>> books;
	Review temp;

	while (FillReview(temp))
	{
		shared_ptr<Review> pt (new Review(temp));
		books.push_back(pt);
	}
	if (books.size() > 0)
	{
		cout << "감사합니다. 당신은 다음과 같이 "
			 << books.size() << "개의 책 등급을 입력하셨습니다.\n"
			 << "등급\t제목\n";
		for_each(books.begin(), books.end(), ShowReview);

		vector<shared_ptr<Review>> books_origin = books;

		while (true)
		{
			cout << "어느 정렬 방식을 선택하시겠습니까?\n";
			cout << "1.원래 순서\t2.알파벳 순서\t3.등급 오름차순\n";
			cout << "4.등급 내림차순\t5.가격 오름차순\t6.가격 내림차순\n";
			cout << "주어진 방식 이외의 입력을 받을시 프로그램이 종료됩니다.\n";

			int n;
			cin >> n;
			if (n < 1 || n > 6)
			{
				cout << "프로그램을 종료합니다.\n";
				return 0;
			}

			switch(n)
			{
				case 1:
					cout << "원래 순서 : \n등급\t제목\t가격\n"; 
					for_each(books_origin.begin(), books_origin.end(), ShowReview);
					break;
				case 2:
					sort(books.begin(), books.end());
					cout << "책 제목을 기준으로 정렬 : \n등급\t제목\t가격\n";
					for_each(books.begin(), books.end(), ShowReview);
					break;
				case 3:
					sort(books.begin(), books.end(), worseThan);
					cout << "등급 오름차순 정렬 : \n등급\t제목\t가격\n";
					for_each(books.begin(), books.end(), ShowReview);
					break;
				case 4:
					sort(books.rbegin(), books.rend(), worseThan);
					cout << "등급 오름차순 정렬 : \n등급\t제목\t가격\n";
					for_each(books.begin(), books.end(), ShowReview);
					break;
				case 5:
					sort(books.begin(), books.end(), worseprice);
					cout << "가격 오름차순 정렬 : \n등급\t제목\t가격\n";
					for_each(books.begin(), books.end(), ShowReview);
					break;
				case 6:
					sort(books.rbegin(), books.rend(), worseprice);
					cout << "가격 오름차순 정렬 : \n등급\t제목\t가격\n";
					for_each(books.begin(), books.end(), ShowReview);
					break;

			}
		}
	}
	else
		cout << "프로그램을 종료합니다.\n";
	return 0;
}

bool operator<(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2)
{
	if (r1->title < r2->title)
		return true;
	else if (r1->title == r2->title && r1->rating < r2->rating)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool worseThan(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2)
{
	if (r1->rating < r2->rating)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool worseprice(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2)
{
	if (r1->price < r2->price)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool FillReview(Review & rr)
{
	std::cout << "책 제목을 입력하십시오(끝내려면 quit를 입력) : ";
	std::getline(std::cin, rr.title);
	if (rr.title == "quit")
		return false;
	std::cout << "책 등급(0-10)을 입력하십시오 : ";
	std::cin >> rr.rating;
	if (!std::cin)
		return false;
	std::cout << "책 가격을 입력하십시오 : ";
	std::cin >> rr.price;
	if (!std::cin)
		return false;
	while (std::cin.get() != '\n')
		continue;
	return true;
}

void ShowReview(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & rr)
{
	std::cout << rr->rating << "\t" << rr->title << "\t" << rr->price << std::endl;
}